Study design, publication outcome, and funding of research presented at international congresses on peer review and biomedical publication.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Drs Krumholz and Ross receive support fromMedtronic to developmethods of clinical trial data sharing, from the Centers of Medicare &Medicaid Services to develop and maintain performancemeasures that are used for public reporting, and from the Food and Drug Administration to developmethods for postmarket surveillance of medical devices. Dr Krumholz reports that he chairs a scientific advisory board for UnitedHealthcare. Dr Ross reports that he is a member of a scientific advisory board for FAIR Health.